Email and Privacy and how Cyber Law Protects User Rights Research Paper

Email and Privacy and how Cyber Law Protects User Rights - Research Paper Example After the discovery of the internet, electronic communication has rapidly evolved and hence the internet has grown to a complete unregulated and an unplanned phenomenon. The inventors of the internet and the World Wide Web never anticipated that it could lead to extreme undesirable consequences (Bazelon, 2001). The growth rate of the internet has been expanding at an alarming rate where recent studies indicate that the population of internet users is doubling after every three months due to the emergence of social sites as well as development of e-commerce. Many people are turning to electronic means of communication being offered by the internet, especially e-mails which can pass, store, and retrieve information from a database provide by an Internet Service Provider (ISP). However, as the internet becomes more useful day after day, it has been blamed on various sandals of money laundering, moral decay, as well as several legal issues related to privacy and hence the emergence of cy ber laws which contain all the regulatory and legal aspects of the world wide web and the internet(Bazelon, 2001). The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution deals with the issues concerning searches and seizures which may in one way or the other compromise an individual’s privacy and one case that involved such a violation was United States v. Warshak (Trout, 2010). Warshak was enjoying the reasonable expectation of privacy of his e-mails from his Internet Service Provider, Nu Vox until government agents compromised his rights by ordering the ISP to preserve and issue his emails without first obtaining a warrant which was to be based on probable cause, thus in accordance to the Fourth Amendment, the government agents had violated the privacy rights of Warshak. However, the agents depended on good faith with reference to the Stored Communications Act even though this exclusionary rule was not applicable in such a case (Trout, 2010). In another case involving United States v. Bynum, Mr. Bynum gave his information with the expectation that ISP would protect the privacy of his int ernet and phone subscriber information. However the internet service provider violated the Fourth Amendments by releasing personal information of Mr. Bynum to the FBI without them first obtaining subpoenas (Schwartz, 2009). Another similar case involved the U.S v. Councilman, in this particular scenario Councilman retained his client’s personal information especially his competitors through Wiretap in violation of the Wiretap Act. The interception and seizure without consent of his customers was contravention of the Fourth Amendment. Thus there was an urgent need to amend the Wiretap Act to have a broad definition of the word â€Å"intercept† to include electronic communication temporary in transit because the previous definition only encompassed the e-mails on electronic storage in computers. Congress amended the definition on 22nd July 2004 (Bazelon, 2001). Discussion During the case of United States v. Bynum, 08-4207, the court failed to accept the argument from the defendant that the use of subpoenas by the government in an effort to get subscribers information from his ISP was a violation of the Fourth Amendment rights of privacy (Trout, 2010). The court ruled that there was lack of evidence that â€Å"†¦the defendant had a subjective expectation of privacy in his internet and phone subscriber information†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Later he voluntarily accepted that he had freely given his personal data to his ISP and phone company and as a consequence, he had assumed the risk that theses companies could reveal his information to the authorities without his jurisdiction (Trout, 2010). Additionally, the court noted that Bynum was capable of demonstrating a subjective expectation of privacy with regard to this information, and then the information was subject to reasonableness test.

(whatever you want) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

(whatever you want) - Essay Example Because life will be less stressful, thanks to reduced traffic and a more pleasurable work environment, people will be much healthier when they reach retirement age than people in my parents’ generation. I will be able to stay active through most of my life, so when I don’t have to work at all anymore, I will still be in good shape to do things like wind surfing and skiing. Also, health will be improved if the country really turns to more green energy alternatives and the environment gets cleaned up. Less pollution in the air means we will have fewer cases of cancer and lung disease. People will be able to live much longer lives, particularly as medical knowledge and technology continues to be improved. In recent years, doctors have been taking a more holistic approach to medicine and this trend will probably continue so that a lot more will be known about human health by the time I retire. Since everyone will be living longer, either because they are able to stay healthier through most of their lives, because greater advances are made in medicine or because people won’t be as stressed out all the time, the demographic group will be very large. This may end up putting too much strain on the economy to try to maintain such a large population of retired people. For this reason, people like me who will probably be in better shape and still capable of working, might be expected to work much longer than the traditional retirement age of 65. This will probably be particularly true in fields like what I plan to go into, where work can be done from remote locations if necessary. Also, if the government decides to depend on nuclear power as a means of replacing fossil fuels, there will be a much greater chance that a dangerous accident might happen and make the atmosphere entirely toxic to people. Between that and the way that small and aggressive countries